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ASSIGNMENTS QUESTION

ASSIGNMENT 1

You have recently been hired as an HR consultant by the Ministry of Labour and Employment in Botswana to assist in developing national guidelines for the integration of Artificial Intelligence (AI) and automation within both public and private sector HR functions.

Over the last two decades, Human Resource Management in Southern Africa has transitioned from administrative personnel management to strategic human capital development. This evolution has been marked by increasing digitization, globalization, and demand for workforce agility. However, the introduction of AI-powered tools such as automated recruitment platforms, predictive performance analytics, and chatbot-driven employee services has sparked both interest and resistance across organizations in the region.

In Zambia and Namibia, for example, companies that piloted AI-based recruitment tools reported faster candidate screening but raised concerns over algorithmic bias and the loss of the “human touch” in hiring decisions. Similarly, South African firms adopting AI in performance management systems have faced employee mistrust due to lack of transparency in how decisions are made. Meanwhile, smaller firms in Eswatini and Lesotho struggle with the cost and infrastructure required to implement AI tools, fearing that automation may worsen unemployment.

Furthermore, trade unions and civil society organizations across the Southern African Development Community (SADC) have expressed concerns about job losses, data privacy, and skills displacement, especially in countries already grappling with youth unemployment and digital divides.

Assignment Question:

Using the scenario above, critically analyze the impact of Artificial Intelligence and automation on Human Resource Management practices in Southern African countries.

Your response should:

• Trace the evolution of HRM in the Southern African context, from traditional administrative functions to modern strategic roles.
• Discuss the key HR functions affected by AI and automation, such as recruitment, performance management, and employee engagement.
• Identify and evaluate the main challenges associated with adopting AI and automation in HR—these may include algorithmic bias, job displacement, data privacy, cost barriers, and skills gaps.
• Assess the socio-economic implications of AI integration in HR within developing economies like those in the SADC region.
• Propose strategic recommendations for governments and organizations to ensure ethical, inclusive, and sustainable integration of AI into HRM.

ASSIGNMENT 2

You are the newly appointed Human Resources Director at a multinational telecommunications company expanding its operations across East and Southern Africa, including Kenya, Zambia, and Mozambique. The company is seeking to recruit high-level technical and managerial talent to support its growth, digital transformation, and competitive positioning in the African market.

However, your team faces persistent challenges in attracting and retaining top talent. While local universities produce a growing number of graduates, there is a notable mismatch between academic qualifications and practical skills required in the modern workplace. In Zambia, for instance, many candidates lack up-to-date experience in cloud computing and cybersecurity fields critical to your company’s operations.

Moreover, in Kenya, you observe a high turnover rate among mid-level professionals who are frequently headhunted by global tech firms offering better compensation, flexible work arrangements, and international exposure. In Mozambique, language barriers, limited infrastructure, and political instability further constrain the talent pool and deter expatriate professionals.

Across all three countries, your HR team also faces internal pressure to reduce recruitment costs while maintaining workforce quality. Meanwhile, the company’s employer brand is not well-known locally, and employee engagement surveys reveal concerns over limited career growth opportunities and lack of leadership development programs.

Assignment Question:

Using the scenario above, critically examine the challenges of talent acquisition and retention in a competitive African labor market.

Your response should:

• Analyze the key factors driving the talent shortage in African countries, including education-to-employment gaps, skills mismatches, and brain drain.
• Discuss the role of employer branding, compensation strategies, and career development opportunities in attracting and retaining top talent.
• Evaluate the external challenges (e.g., economic instability, infrastructure limitations, global competition for talent) and internal organizational constraints (e.g., budget limitations, HR capacity) affecting talent management.
• Compare the talent acquisition and retention practices of multinational vs. local companies in Africa, highlighting best practices and lessons learned.
• Propose a comprehensive HR strategy for talent acquisition and retention that is context-sensitive, cost-effective, and sustainable in the African business